Once
again, the often-overlooked drilling industry has proven its worth to the
world. There is an old saying: If it can’t be grown, it must be drilled
for.
Usually I don’t name names in my articles because when mistakes are made, they
make for good reading, and illustrate drilling practices from which we all can
benefit. For instance, when my friends, D. and R., stepped on their tails, I
didn’t name them. But, in the case of the rescue of the miners in Chile, the
companies and people involved should all be very proud of their
accomplishments, and deserve public recognition of their efforts. None of this
would have happened 25 years ago – or probably even 10 years
ago.
The rig used in the rescue was a T130XD Schramm. This is the latest generation
rig. I’ve been around several of them, and they are a wonder. The only thing I
could find that wasn’t automated was the coffee pot in the doghouse. I never
had seen one with an angle package on it. Dick Schramm explained to me that
most of the mining and exploration rigs have them. Because of the location and
the layout of the mine, an angle hole had to be drilled to get to the miners.
GyroData, out of Houston,
provided the navigation for the small-diameter pilot hole. I understand these
are the same folks who provided the precise navigation for the relief well on
the Macondo location.
After the pilot hole was drilled, on target and under time, a small problem
arose. The exploration crew was well experienced with the smaller diameter
holes used for mineral exploration, but they admitted to being out of their
depth, so to speak, when reaming the 28-inch hole for the rescue capsule. That
is a job more suited to a water well driller. The contractor that owned the rig
in Chile, Geotech Boyles Bros. SA, called its parent company, Layne
Christensen, in Kansas.
Did Layne have a driller with reaming experience on a T130? It so happened that
they did. One of the best drillers in the world was drilling water wells in Afghanistan.
Jeff Hart (Arvado, Colo.)
got on the plane immediately bound for Chile. An experienced,
Spanish-speaking crew was brought in from the western United States
to complete the crew.
The next problem was the bit. Brandon Fisher, president of Center Rock in Berlin, Pa.,
stepped up. He offered his newest-generation bit to the Chilean government, and
they accepted.
With the iron in place, reaming the “big hole” started. Everyone was very
cautious about estimating the time it would take to reach the miners. Very hard
rock, unknown conditions and Murphy’s Law will make most anyone
cautious.
The driller, Jeff Hart, had one advantage beyond his years of experience, one
that almost never happens in normal reaming. One of the parameters that
separate a driller from a “brake-weight” is the ability to read his cuttings
and adjust the weight on bit (WOB) for best overall performance. Too much
weight makes big cuttings, and tends to break the compacts on the face of the
bit. Not enough weight regrinds the cuttings, slowing penetration, and
decreases bit life. Fortunately, the pilot hole went into the mine, and most of
the cuttings went down-hole. The miners were able to scoop them up, examine
them and show them to the driller in near real time, allowing precise
adjustments for maximum penetration and bit life. The rig and the bit performed
in a near flawless manner until they got near the top of the mine. One of my
sources told me that, since the mine was so poorly mapped, the bit hit a steel
beam, something even the hardest rock bit is not made to deal with, and tore
up. Center Rock immediately built and shipped a fresh bit, and very little time
was lost.
While the drilling was going on, concern for the miners was on everybody’s
mind. NASA was consulted about the problems of isolation and diet. It provided
a diet that would keep the miners healthy but not allow them to gain too much
weight; after all, they had to fit in the rescue capsule. (Sorry, Porky; I’m
afraid another reamer pass or two would have to have been made – ’course they
could have brought up four miners at a time.)
Other companies saw the need and stepped up. Since the miners had spent the
longest shift in mining history in the dark, there was a very real concern for
eye damage when they emerged into the bright sunshine. Oakley sent enough pairs
of their now-famous sunglasses for all the miners. I read an advertising
magazine the other day that claimed Oakley got $15 million worth of free
advertising – not bad for a few pairs of glasses.
Many other private companies (my apologies to the many others I left out) saw
the need and got involved, most without asking for money up front; they did it
because it was the right thing to do. One company, Cupron, out of Richmond, Va.,
sent the miners special socks with copper thread woven in them to help the
miners fight bacterial growth and foot odors. (Ya gotta figure they were
getting a little gamey after that long hitch.) About the socks, the Chilean
Health Minister said, “I never realized that kind of thing actually
existed.”
The point is that we should all be very proud of the efforts by, mostly
American, private enterprise, to do something that had never been done before,
and couldn’t have been done very long ago. The Chilean government pretty much
got out of the way. Can you imagine if our government had to handle this? I can
see it now: First they would have had months of joint hearings during which
they would have interviewed some actress because she once played a miners wife,
then they would have demanded an environmental impact statement to make sure a
mouse didn’t get run over, followed by partisan bickering over who is going to
pay. It would all have been put off until after the next election, no matter
how long it took. By the time they were done, they would be lowering Social
Security checks and rule books down the pilot hole.
The dramatic rescue is owed to private enterprise and the can-do spirit of the
people involved. Once again, I am proud to be a small part of the
industry.
ND